Joseph Weizenbaum, a computer scientist at MIT, developed the first-ever chatbot, ELIZA, in the mid-1960s. The primary aim behind creating ELIZA was to explore the potential for communication between humans and machines. Weizenbaum designed ELIZA as a Rogerian psychotherapist, a type of therapist who helps clients explore their thoughts and feelings through active listening and reflection. To create ELIZA, Weizenbaum used various techniques, including pattern matching, keyword analysis, and transformation rules. Whenever a user typed a message to ELIZA, the program searched its database for patterns that matched the input. ELIZA generated a response based on a transformation rule if it found a match.