Logical Calculus

In 1943, neurophysiologist Warren S. McCulloch and logician Walter Pitts published A Logical Calculus of the Ideas Immanent in Nervous Activity in the Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics. The paper introduced a model for representing the nervous system as a network of artificial neurons interconnected by synapses, in which each neuron either fires or stays silent depending on whether the signals reaching it cross a threshold. Building on Alan Turing's work on computable numbers, it presented a logical framework for neuron networks and demonstrated their functional similarities to Turing's…